All of the information below was found in books (not websites) so I feel it can be trusted.
Hunger – The physiological need for food. Its an invouluntary action to how much we eat.
Appetite - The psyschological desire to eat voluntary. Our mind interprets what we want.
Nutrients – Substances obtained from food and used in the body to promote growth, maintenance, and repair. Nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins,minerals and water. The body is composed of millions of cells which need nutrients 24 hours a day. Not one of these cells knows anything about what food looks like or tastes like.
Essential Nutrients – A nutrient that must be obtained from food because the body cannot make it for itself.
Nutriend Requirment – The minimum amount of a nutrient that will prevent the development of deficiency symptoms.
Energy Sources – Carbohydrates (1gm = 4 calories), Protein (1gm = 4 calories), Fat (1gm = 9 calories) and Alcohol (1gm = 7 calories).
Vitamins and Minerals – Do not supply energy or calories to the body but instead, they regulate the release of energy and other aspects of metabolism.
There are 13 vitamins which are divded into two classes: water soluble and fat soluble. Shown below are also the major minerals required in your body and the trace amounts.
| Water Soluble | Fat Soluble | Major | Trace |
| Vitamin C and B Vitamins: Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, B6, B12, Folate, Biotin, Pantothenic Acid | Vitamin A, D, E, K | Calcium, Chloride, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, K, Sodium | Chromium, Copper, Fluoride, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Mo, Zinc and Selenium |
Hypothalmus - When the cells are deprived of fuel, this portion of the brain detects this condition and generates nerve impulses that signal hunger to the concious part of the brain.
Cortex – The thinking outer layer. Hunger and appetite are experienced here.
Food Labels (own page)
Food Labels – By law, all labels must contain the following:
- name of the food (statment of identity)
- name of manufacturer
- packer or distributer
- firms city, states, zip code
- net quantity, which tells you how much food is in the container so that you can compare prices
- vitamins A, C, Iron and Calcium are the only vitamins and minerals required to be displayed. Salt is also required.
Ingredients List - A listing of the ingredients in a food with items listed in descending order of predominance by weight.
Nutrition Facts Panel – Detailed breakdown of the nutritional content of a serving. Small packages must carry a telephone number or address that consumers can use to obtain nutrition information.
Daily Value – The amount of fat, sodium, fiber, and other nutrients health experts say should make up a healthful diet (based on 2000 calories).
Health Claim – A statement on the food label linking the nutrional profile of a food to a reduced risk of a particular disease such as osteoporosis or cancer.
Lifestyle Diseases – Caused by modern lifestyles that include too little exercise, poor diets, and excessive drinking and smoking.
